Advice to students wishing to become conference interpreters
- Published: 11 years ago
- Last updated: 9 months ago
How can I study to become a conference interpreter?
- What do conference interpreters do?
- Can I be a professional conference interpreter without proper training?
- What will a conference interpretation training programme teach me?
- What kind of personal traits do I need to be a conference interpreter?
- Choosing a school: what should I look for?
- How can I prepare?
- Will a professional conference interpreter's lifestyle suit me?
- Will my languages be in demand when I have finished training and start looking for work?
- Will I find work after training?
- What other questions should I ask before taking the plunge?
What do conference interpreters do?
Conference interpreters:
- bridge the gap in all kinds of multilingual settings where speakers want to express themselves in their own language and still understand one another (conferences, negotiations, press briefings, seminars, depositions, TV broadcasts: you name it!)
- do not do written translation: translators work with written texts, interpreters convey ideas orally
- do not just parrot: they convert ideas expressed in one language (the source language) into another language (the target language) as smoothly and idiomatically as possible, preserving the meaning, tone and nuance of the original speaker
- interpret "consecutively": i.e. the interpreter is in the same room as the participants, listening carefully to what is said, perhaps taking notes; when each speaker pauses, the interpreter conveys the same message from source to target language
- interpret "simultaneously": i.e. the interpreters work in a team sitting in a soundproof booth; they take turns conveying each speaker's ideas from source to target language in real-time; the audience in the conference room listens through headsets
- interpret using "chuchotage" or "whispering": i.e. the interpreter is in the same room as the participants providing a whispered interpretation in real-time to a small number of listeners
Can I be a professional conference interpreter without proper training?
Perhaps: some have managed it, some still do...
- the interpreters who provided the first simultaneous interpretation at the post-World War II trials had to sink or swim: they had no choice but to train themselves, but you don't have to reinvent the wheel!
- since the 1970s, interdisciplinary research has helped us better grasp the complex processes involved in interpreting and develop new and effective teaching methods
- systematic training today is the surest route to expertise and successful practice in any profession
- many hours of effective practice with other trainees and with guidance from experienced teacher/practitioners is essential
- AIIC promotes best practice in schools by surveying training programmes and providing hands-on support to teachers.
What will a conference interpretation training programme teach me?
To interpret ... or more specifically
- to understand what the speaker wants to say
- to grasp what lies behind the speaker's words
- to keep the message in context
- to convey it consecutively or simultaneously
- to learn a special note-taking technique
- to practice concentration, discourse analysis and fast reaction
- to build useful glossaries
- to develop public speaking skills
- to prepare for different types of assignments
- to manage stressful situations
- to observe a code of conduct
- to prepare for entry into the profession
What kind of personal traits do I need to be a conference interpreter?
These are some of the key skills that interpreters make use of at one time or another:
- a polished command of their own native language over a range of registers and domains
- a complete mastery of their non-native languages
- a familiarity with the cultures in the countries where their working languages are spoken
- a commitment to helping others communicate
- an interest in and understanding of current affairs, plus an insatiable curiosity
- world experience away from home and school and a broad general education
- good training (and usually at least an undergraduate university degree)
- the ability to concentrate and focus as a discussion unfolds
- a pleasant speaking voice
- a friendly, collegial attitude
- calm nerves, tact, judgment and a sense of humor
- a willingness to adhere to rules of conduct (e.g. confidentiality)
Choosing a school: what should I look for?
- Choosing a school is one of the most important steps you will take on your path to becoming a trained conference interpreter. In order to assist you with your research and decision-making, AIIC regularly contacts many schools worldwide which offer conference interpreting training programmes and asks them to respond to a series of questions; the last time the survey was conducted 178 schools were contacted. The schools' answers are published on this website. For a variety of reasons (e.g. curriculum in transition, incorrect contact address, etc.) some schools did not respond to the survey questionnaire. This means that, for the present, you may not find them listed on the AIIC website.
- If you have not already done so, you might want to check out the online Directory of Schools. This Directory will provide you with basic information about any school that has responded to the survey, and give you a link to its own website, if available.
- When comparing schools and training programmes, you might establish a list of specific criteria which are important to you (location, scholarship support, etc). You might also consult our guide to best practice in training and add some of the considerations below to your personal shopping list:
- Don't be in a hurry! Conference interpreters need to have accumulated quite a broad general knowledge as well as an excellent command of their languages (this is one profession where age is in our favor!).
- Spend some time living and studying or working where your languages are spoken before applying to any training programme. The more you are familiar with the relevant cultural context, the stronger your understanding and expression will be.
- Opt for a graduate training programme rather than an undergraduate programme. Graduate programmes assume that applicants have a solid command of the languages in their combination and can therefore focus more on skill acquisition as well as advanced language enhancement and an introduction to the theoretical basis of interpreting.
- Don't be put off if the school you like best requires you to take an aptitude test! This is intended to help both you and the teachers on the jury get a glimpse of your current abilities in order to assess your readiness to start the programme...and is nothing personal! In some countries, the local legislation does not permit aptitude testing.
- Take a look at the school's curriculum:
- Does the school provide any advice on career prospects?
- Are the classes offered going to cover your specific training needs?
- Are classes designed and taught by practicing professional interpreters?
- Do some of the teachers share your native language?
- Does the programme offer classes in both consecutive and simultaneous interpreting?
- Is there a class which explains professional practice (ethics etc.)?
- Do outsiders, especially potential employers, attend final exams?
- Final suggestion: you might consider the possibility of visiting one or more schools and observing a couple of relevant classes. You might also arrange to meet some of the instructors and speak to current students or graduates.
How can I prepare?
- Some things you can do to increase your chances of success before starting a training programme:
- to enhance all of your languages, selectively and actively read, watch TV and listen to radio in all your languages
- expand your range of command of your native language
- go and live where your languages are spoken and immerse yourself in the culture
- learn more about your planet and your immediate environment
- increase your general knowledge
- follow international affairs
- learn to use a computer
- learn to take care of yourself and to manage your stress well
- develop good study skills
- cultivate patience and the ability to integrate feedback
- research your training options carefully
Will a professional conference interpreter's lifestyle suit me?
Try this self-quiz to test your preferences! (There are no wrong answers!)
| Question |
Staff |
Freelance |
| Will I have to pass a test or competition to get work? |
yes |
probably |
| Will I have to develop my own competitive professional profile? |
no |
essential |
| Will I be responsible for finding my own work? |
no |
yes |
| Will I usually work for the same institution/s? |
yes |
your choice |
| Can I work with agencies or a range of employers? |
unlikely |
yes |
| Will my employer schedule my workdays? |
yes |
no |
| May I decline assignments? |
not usually |
yes |
| Will I get a regular pay check? |
yes |
no |
| Will I get benefits? |
yes |
it depends |
| Will I have to assess my own tax liability? |
no |
yes |
| Can I live where I wish? |
doubtful |
yes |
| Will I have to travel extensively for work? |
not necessarily |
more likely |
| Will I have to travel for language enhancement? |
maybe |
maybe |
| Will I have in-house opportunities for career development and training? |
often |
less likely |
| Will I need to belong to a professional network or association? |
preferable |
important |
To find out more about the professional conference interpreter's lifestyle, check out VEGA.
Will my languages be in demand when I have finished training and am looking for work?
- A very important question... and hard to predict!
- plan your profile BEFORE you train: some combinations are more "useful" and more portable than others; beware of a flavor-of-the-month push to add a language which is likely to dropped in the future
- the tsunami of English continues on its course, no doubt about it: English is more widely used than ever, in all its permutations - and you probably want it in your language combination, specially if you plan to work on your local market
- your decision to work in-house for an international organisation or freelance will probably affect your choice of languages
- the good news: A recent study by the AIIC Staff Interpreters Committee shows that, as the impact of staff changes and retirements becomes more serious, international institutions now are cooperating with schools to try to predict future training needs and cater to a changing kaleidoscope of interpreting needs
If you are interested in working for an international organisation, visit their websites to find out more about their current and future staffing needs; see how often there is a competitive exam for applicants with your language combination. Scroll down to find a list of organisations.
Will I find work after training?
AIIC provides all kinds of advice and support for newly trained conference interpreters entering the profession, even offering you the chance to ask questions.
What other questions should I ask before taking the plunge?
The AIIC Training Committee will do its best to answer any specific questions you may have. Please post them on the message board below: we will try to help you find the answers.
International Organisations
Africa - Americas - Asia - Europe
AFRICA
ADB (African Development Bank), Abidjan
African Training and Research Centre in Administration for Development, Morocco
AIPO (African Intellectual Property Organisation), Cameroon
Arab Maghreb Union, Morocco
COMESA (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa), Zambia
ECA (Economic Commission for Africa), Addis-Ababa
HABITAT (United Nations Division for Human Habitat), Nairobi
ICTR (International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda), Arusha and Kigali
AU (African Union), Addis-Ababa
UNEP (United Nations Environment Program), Nairobi
UNON (United Nations Office at Nairobi), Nairobi
AMERICAS
CBD (Convention on Biological Diversity), Montreal
ECLAC (Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean), Santiago de Chile
FTAA (Free Trade Area of the Americas), Panama
IDB (Inter-American Development Bank), Washington DC.
ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organisation), Montreal
IMF (International Monetary Fund), Washington DC
MF (Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol), Montreal
OAS (Organisation of American States), Washington DC.
PAHO (Pan American Health Organisation), Washington DC.
UNO (United Nations Organisation), New York
World Bank, Washington DC.
ASIA
ADB (Asian Development Bank), Philippines
ESCAP (Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific), Bangkok
SPC (South Pacific Commission), Noumea
EUROPE
BIS (Bank for International Settlements), Basel
COE (Council of Europe), Strasbourg,
CERN (European Organisation for Nuclear Research), Geneva
CEU (Commission of the European Union), Brussels
CICR (International Red Cross Committee), Geneva
ECJ (European Court of Justice), Luxembourg
EP (European Parliament), Luxembourg, Brussels and Strasbourg
EPO (European Patent Office), Munich
ESA (European Space Agency), Paris
EUROCONTROL, Brussels
FAO (United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation), Rome
IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency), Vienna
ICDO (International Civil Defence Organisation), Geneva
ICC (International Criminal Court), The Hague
ICJ (International Court of Justice), The Hague
ICTY (International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia), The Hague
IFAD (International Fund for Agricultural Development), Rome
IFRC (International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies), Geneva
ILO (International Labour Office), Geneva
IMO (International Maritime Organisation), London
INTERPOL (International Criminal Police Organisation), Lyon Cedex
IOC (International Olympic Committee), Lausanne
IOM (International Organisation for Migration), Geneva
IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union), Geneva
ITU (International Telecommunications Union), Geneva
Latin Union, Paris
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation), Brussels
OECD (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development), Paris
OPCW (Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons), The Hague
OSCE (Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe), Vienna
UNESCO (United Nations Education, Science and Culture Organisation), Paris
UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organisation), Vienna
UNO (United Nations Organisation), Geneva, Vienna
UPU (Universal Postal Union), Bern
WCO (World Customs Organisation), Brussels
WEU (Western European Union), Brussels, Paris
WFP (World Food Programme), Rome
WHO (World Health Organisation), Geneva
WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organisation), Geneva
WMO (World Meteorological Organisation), Geneva
WTO (World Tourism Organisation), Madrid
WTO (World Trade Organisation), Geneva
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14 days ago
Hi Nora, Every now and again students are faced with this problem. There are no schools teaching IT-JP in AIIC's Schools Directory.
http://aiic.net/directories/schools/finder
However, some schools may try to accommodate you all the same if you show potential. They do this by having a Japanese-speaking teacher (without Italian) and an Italian speaking teacher (without Japanese) in the same classroom. At least one of them will be a conference interpreter, sometimes both. I know this method has been used for Eastern European languages at ESIT in Paris, but also in other schools in Europe.
What I suggest you do is look in the Directory for all the schools that teach Japanese at all (just enter Japanese in the first menu and nothing in the others). Then contact them and ask if there is any way they can accomodate you, including, but not necessarily only, the method I describe above. (There may be other ways of doing it.)
The answer to your question might interest other students to so why not also post it here... http://interpreting.info/ ... I would repeat my answer there but you'll also get answers from other trainers.
Andy Gillies
AIIC Training
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21 days agoDear Sir/Madam, I am an italian student who gradueted in Florence University and who presently is spending six months in Japan studying at the Kyoto Gaidai. My intention is to become an interpreter from Italian to Japanaese but untin now I haven't been able to find a school or istitution, in Italy and in Japan as well, that provides professional training for the languages I am interested in. I've been looking for a course of interpretation but I'm still in a desperation. So my questions are: - does a training corse for the combination (italian.Japanese) of languages I chose exist? -what can I do if it doesn't? I would be really grateful if you will give me an advice even if I alredy know it won't be easy. Best regards Eleonora Perna
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4 months ago
Hi Paridhi,
The answer to your question is one that a lot of students would be interested in so can I ask you to post it here... http://interpreting.info/ ...and then I'll be happy to answer there.
You'll probably also get a few more answers from other colleagues too. all the best
Andy Gillies
AIIC Training
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4 months ago
I am a student from India, but I have done all my studies in french, so needless to say that I am fluent in French. I would consider my native language to be English because it's the language that I have complete control over. I can also speak Hindi, Bengali (which is my mother tongue, even though I do not master it perfectly) as well as Tamil, and Spanish.
I am currently in Paris doing my under-grad course in LEA, I am also learning russian. I would like to be a conference interpreter, and I already have a school (ISIT or ESIT) in mind once I have gotten my bachelors degree. I would like to know how to do I prepare myself for the entrance exams (I know I still have 3 years) and are there any other schools that is better? and do you think it would be better if I deepen my knowledge in Hindi ?
Thank you
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6 years ago
Je suis une étudiante bilingue (français/espagnol), née à Genève, mais habitant actuellement à Malaga, en Espagne. J'ai fait mes études universitaires à Malaga, licence en Trad. et Interprétation, cependant pour améliorer ma formation en interprétation j'aimerais faire un master ou DESS en interprétation.
Juste après avoir fini mes études universitaires j'ai commencé mon DEA en Traduction et Interprétation à Malaga et la même année (l'année passée) j'ai présenté ma candidature à l'ETI de GE et j'y suis allée pour passer les 7 examens d'admissions des différentes combinaisons mais malheureusement je ne les ai pas tous passés. J'avais choisi comme combinaison linguistique (Espagnol-A / Français-B / Anglais-C / Italien-C). J'ai étudié 10 mois en l'an 2000 aux USA et pendant mes études universitaires en 3eme année, 10 mois en Italie, à la SSLMIT à Forlì.
J'aimerais me présenter à nouveau aux examens mais je ne sais pas comment me préparer pour les réussir ou si je devrais plutôt réduire la combinaison linguistique à deux ou trois langues au lieu de 4 et les rajouter dans le futur.
J'apprécierais des conseils sur ce sujet.
De plus, j'aimerais savoir si vous pourriez m'informer sur les meilleurs masters /DESS qu'il y a en ce moment pour ne pas me tromper et choisir celui qui me donnera la meilleure formation comme interprète de conférence vu que mon rêve serait de travailler en tant que tel. Merci d'avance pour votre réponse.
Mes salutations les plus sincères.
Jessica Subire
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6 years ago
Dear Joshua,
Regardless of the employment opportunities that your nationality may or may not open to you, interpreter training institutions normally do not train exclusively for a specific market (in this case the EU institutions) although the language combinations offered and the contents of training may more or less be targeted onto a specific professional situation.
The reason why you had problems in enrolling in La Laguna is that a training institution will have a policy as to the A or B languages of students.
The school in La Laguna, according to our latest survey, requires of students that Spanish is either the A or the B language ((http://www.aiic.net/schools/?fuseaction=Dsp⪼hool_id=103)
So it is still a good idea to study in the country of one of your foreign languages, provided your language combination fits in with the particular institution's requirements.
Best
C. Marzocchi
on behalf of the Aiic Training committee
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6 years ago
Dear Eddy, congratulations on the variety of your skills. Formal university training is not required (but we highly recommend it) if you want to practice as a free-lance interpreter; however, most international organizations (like the UN which you mentioned) require of their language staff that they have a university degree.
Under the heading "Asia Pacific" our online Directory of Interpretation Schools (http://www.aiic.net/schools/) mentions the Graduate School of Interpretation and Translation of the Shanghai International Studies University, which fulfils all or most of AIIC's training criteria.
There may be other interpreter training institutions in China and I am sure you will be able to find them on the Internet. We recommend, however, that you carefully check the information you obtain from them against the best practices in interpreter training that AIIC has established over the years (http://www.aiic.net/ViewPage.cfm?article_id=27&plg=1).
Good luck!
The AIIC Training Committee
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6 years ago
The fact that a particular institution is not mentioned in the aiic directory may be simply due to the fact that the aiic Training committee was not able to obtain a reply to our questionnaire from that institution, and certainly does not mean that it is does not offer good training in translation or interpreting, perhaps also in conference interpreting.
Moreover, from the very beginnings of modern conference interpretation, Aiic members have been closely involved in interpreter training programmes. Drawing on this collective experience, the AIIC Training Committee has established a series of criteria for best practice in interpreter training(http://www.aiic.net/ViewPage.cfm?article_id=27&plg=1); you may want to take into account these best practices when you consider enrolling in a training programme.
Good luck with your training!
The aiic Training Commitee
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6 years ago
Dear Rebecca,
As a rule the Aiic Training Committee does not comment on an institution’s reputation or quality of teaching. However, we do endeavour to publish as much information as possible on training institutions, on the basis of their replies to a questionnaire, so that prospective students can form their own opinion. In your case, you may find further information on the courses at Shanghai International Studies University in the Aiic Directory of Schools (http://www.aiic.net/schools/?fuseaction=InRegion®ion_id=3&name=ASIA%2DPACIFIC). Unfortunately, we do not have any information concerning the master course in Beijing.
Moreover, from the very beginnings of modern conference interpretation, Aiic members have been closely involved in interpreter training programmes. Drawing on this collective experience, the AIIC Training Committee has established a series of criteria for best practice in interpreter training(http://www.aiic.net/ViewPage.cfm?article_id=27&plg=1), which you may want to take into account when you consider enrolling in a training programme.
Best wishes
Carlo Marzocchi
on behalf of the Aiic Training Commitee
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6 years ago
Dear Duc Hai,
Unfortunately at the moment we are not aware of any course in conference interpreting in Vietnam. Please note however that this does not mean that such a course could not take place in the future. The aiic directory of courses is updated every couple of years, so you may want to check again in the future. In the meanwhile, you could perhaps consider enrolling in a programme in the country where your main foreign language is spoken.
Best regards
Carlo Marzocchi
on behalf of the Aiic Training Committee
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6 years ago
Dear Alexandra,
We have checked with colleagues in the US before answering your enquiry and unfortunately at the moment we do not know of any other programme specifically targeted at conference interpreting (whereas several programmes specializing in court- or community interpreting exist). Depending on the student's circumstances, we suggest that enrolling in a programme in the country of one's first foreign language is always a viable option.
Best regards
Carlo Marzocchi
on behalf of the Aiic Training Committee
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6 years ago
Dear Sir/Madam,
I'm living in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
I've been looking for a worldwide recognized course of interpretation which is conducted in my home country. But I'm still in a desperation.
Through Google searching, I'm directed to the AIIC website for info on CI training. I'm quited interested in this professional training. But when I access the directory of training schools, I'm disappointed that no course is /will be taught in Vietnam.
Grateful that you'll give an advice on who I should contact to be enrolled in the CI training.
Thanks and kind regards,
Duc Hai
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6 years ago
I notice the only program listed in the US is the Masters at the Monterey Institute of International Studies. Does anyone know where I can find a list of universities that offer serious programs (a Master's degree or a something that would prepare one to be a conference interpreter) in other parts of the country? I am especially interested in any program that is on the East Coast.
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6 years ago
I'm a Chinese student and hope to get admitted in a Postgraduate Programme of Interpreting and Translation or Conference Interpreting in the September of 2007.
I didnt have much official university learning background, received vocational training after middle school and majored in Chinese cooking. But, through self-study, i got Cambridge Business English Certificat 3 in 2001, Grade 8 (Test for English Majors) in 2002, and advanced English/Chinese Consecutive and Simultaneous Interpretating certificate (National Accreditation Exam for Translators and Interpreters, organized by the Chinese Ministry of Education and BeiJing Foreign Studies University) in the last September.
I worked as an English teacher for 2 years in private schools in BeiJing, and have worked as a freelancing interpreter and translator for 2 years. I'd like to make further study in Translation and Interpretating, especially to conduct some research in Interpretating.I have a deep interest in Psychology and have spent some time studying it, I'd like to put the Psychology knowledge in the study of Interpretating.
With a MA, making a bigger contribution to the world by working as a staff interpreter for international organizations ( such as UN ) or teaching in a University can become a reality for me.
Do i have to present a Bachlor Degree? Because i dont have one.
I attended Self-Study-Exam in China (organized by the Chinese Ministry of Education) and got an associate diploma in Economics and Trade English ( it's equivalent to a BA now ). Is it helpful?
I spent one year studying Intellectual Property in the University of International Business and Economics. Is it helpful?
Is the possiblility of getting a full scholarship high? Because I can't afford to study in a foreign country without it.
All suggestions are welcome!
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6 years ago
I am very grateful that such a message board has been established for people like me, wanting to become a conferance interpreter!
I am planning to study at the University of Western Sydney in Australia. There is a masters course in Interpreting and Translation. Although the course is accredited by NAATI(Australias National Accreditation Authority for Translators and Interpreters), it`s not on your directory of interpretation schools. Is there a reason for this? Could some one please advise me, if the course is worth attending, to prepare myself to become a conference interpreter? Thank you in advance!
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6 years ago
i think both of them are nice, i am looking for a school as well, for French , English and Chinese.
i would like to talk about it with you.
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6 years ago
Hi Mila!
I'm exactly in your same situation. I've been invited to the entrance test in august-september.
I'm extremely interested in the contents of this test; did you do it already? If so, could you please let me know about it?
Thanks in advance!
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6 years ago
Bonjour,
J'ai une question à propos du programme d'interprétation à La Laguna en Espagne. En effet, j'ai bien envoyé un formulaire pour que je puisse me présenter pour les examens d'admission de cette école. Quelques semaines plus tard, j'ai lu que l'école compte sur un soutien pédagogique de l'Union européenne, alors je me suis demandé si ce programme ne prépare ces gradués pour travailler que dans l'Union européenne. A cause de ma nationalité, je ne pourrai jamais travailler au sein de l'Union européenne. Je me suis renseigné auprès du secrétariat de La Laguna et je n'ai reçu aucune réponse et ceci après qu'ils m'avaient assuré que j'étais inscrit pour les examens à Madrid en juin. Est-ce une école qui ne prépare que des étudiants qui possèdent l'espagnol comme langue maternelle? Ce n'est pas très clair pour moi car j'ai lu dans un autre forum où Jaclyn Harmer recommandait à un étudiant de poursuivre des études d'interprétation en Espagne afin de bien renforcer sa langue C. J'affiche ces informatoins en espérant recevoir une réponse ici parce que je n'ai évidemment pas eu beaucoup de chance en m'adressant direcetement à l'école (j'ai envoyé environ 3 e-mails). Merci en avance pour votre assitance.
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6 years ago
Good afternoon,
In July I’m invited to take the entrance test for the Conference Interpreting course at Westminster University. I know I’ll be required to make translations into my active language and further there will be a general knowledge and language awareness test, as well as interview and interpreting tests. Does anyone have any experience with such a test? What kind of texts can you expect? Is it allowed to use dictionaries? In which language do they conduct the interview? Do you have any recommendations for me? I’m really looking forward to this program and all helpful suggestions are very welcome :-)
Thank you.
Mila.
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6 years ago
i am a Chinese student. i am very interested in the oral intepreter field. And i know there are two universities in China------Beijing foreign language University and Shanghai Foreign language University have master degree program in this field. I want to know which university has a better reputation in this area. Thanks a lot!
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6 years ago
Many thanks and congratulations to the Training Committee! I am e-mailing the page to my students right now. Such articles are always of great help to show students that whatever you tell them in class is painstakingly repeated to hundreds of students all around the world and that they are not alone in their concerns and worries.
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7 years ago
Communicate! is pleased to introduce this new version of "Advice to Students", one of the most consulted pages on AIIC.NET with over 100,000 views. A new format and hyperlinks to other articles should help you find the information you need about our field and the possibilities open for pursuing studies. We encourage you to explore our growing website. If you should not find an answer to your question or would simply like to share your views, please leave a comment here."